作者:孙立根
出版社:冶金工业出版社
丛书名:普通高等教育“十三五”规划教材
出版时间:2017-08-25
ISBN:978-7-5024-7568-0
版次:1
内容介绍
本书共5章,主要内容包括现代炼钢技术发展历程、钢铁冶金的基础理论、铁水预处理工艺、氧气转炉炼钢工艺和电炉炼钢技术。 本书以讲授包括铁水预处理在内的炼钢工艺为主,同时介绍了钢铁冶金,特别是炼钢环节涉及的基础理论,以满足不同层次学生学习的需要。
目录
1Historical Development of Modern Steelmaking1
1.1BottomBlown Acid or Bessemer Process1
1.2Basic Bessemer or Thomas Process3
1.3Open Hearth Process4
1.4Oxygen Steelmaking7
1.5Electric Furnace Steelmaking9
Exercises11
2Fundamentals of Iron and Steelmaking12
2.1Fundamentals of Steelmaking Reactions12
2.1.1SlagMetal Equilibrium in Steelmaking12
2.1.2State of Reactions in Steelmaking16
2.2Fundamentals of Reactions in Electric Furnace Steelmaking26
2.2.1Slag Chemistry and the Carbon,Manganese,Sulfur and Phosphorus
Reactions in the EAF26
2.2.2Control of Residuals in EAF Steelmaking28
2.2.3Nitrogen Control in EAF Steelmaking29
2.3Fundamentals of Stainless Steel Production30
2.3.1Decarburization of Stainless Steel30
2.3.2Nitrogen Control in the AOD32
2.3.3Reduction of Cr from Slag33
2.4Fundamentals of Ladle Metallurgical Reactions34
2.4.1Deoxidation Equilibrium and Kinetics34
2.4.2Ladle Desulfurization41
2.4.3Calcium Treatment of Steel43
2.5Fundamentals of Degassing44
2.5.1Fundamental Thermodynamics44
2.5.2Vacuum Degassing Kinetics45
Exercises47
3Pretreatment of Hot Metal48
3.1Introduction48
3.2Desiliconization and Dephosphorization Technologies49
3.3Desulfurization Technology52
3.3.1Introduction52
3.3.2Process Chemistry53
3.3.3Transport Systems57
3.3.4Process Venue58
3.3.5Slag Management59
3.3.6Lance Systems59
3.3.7Cycle Time61
3.3.8Hot Metal Sampling and Analysis61
3.3.9Reagent Consumption62
3.3.10Economics62
3.3.11Process Control62
3.4Hot Metal Thermal Adjustment63
Exercises64
4Oxygen Steelmaking Processes65
4.1Introduction65
ⅣContentsContentsⅤ4.1.1Process Description and Events65
4.1.2Types of Oxygen Steelmaking Processes67
4.1.3Environmental Issues68
4.2Sequence of Operations—Top Blown68
4.2.1Plant Layout68
4.2.2Sequence of Operations70
4.2.3Shop Manning76
4.3Raw Materials80
4.3.1Introduction80
4.3.2Hot Metal80
4.3.3Scrap82
4.3.4High Metallic Alternative Feeds83
4.3.5Oxide Additions84
4.3.6Fluxes85
4.3.7Oxygen87
4.4Process Reactions and Energy Balance88
4.4.1Reactions in BOF Steelmaking88
4.4.2Slag Formation in BOF Steelmaking91
4.4.3Mass and Energy Balances92
4.4.4Tapping Practices and Ladle Additions96
4.5Process Variations97
4.5.1The BottomBlown Oxygen Steelmaking or OBM (QBOP) Process97
4.5.2MixedBlowing Processes102
4.5.3Oxygen Steelmaking Practice Variations105
4.6Process Control Strategies108
4.6.1Introduction108
4.6.2Static Models109
4.6.3Statistical and Neural Network Models111
4.6.4Dynamic Control Schemes112
4.6.5Lance Height Control114
4.7Environmental Issues114
4.7.1Basic Concerns114
4.7.2Sources of Air Pollution115
4.7.3Relative Amounts of Fumes Generated117
4.7.4Other Pollution Sources118
4.7.5Summary119
Exercises119
5Electric Furnace Steelmaking121
5.1Electric Furnace Technology121
5.1.1Oxygen Use in the EAF122
5.1.2OxyFuel Burner Application in the EAF122
5.1.3Application of Oxygen Lancing in the EAF125
5.1.4Foamy Slag Practice128
5.1.5CO PostCombustion130
5.1.6EAF Bottom Stirring140
5.1.7Furnace Electrics140
5.1.8High Voltage AC Operations142
5.1.9DC EAF Operations143
5.1.10Use of Alternative Iron Sources in the EAF146
5.1.11Conclusions147
5.2Raw Materials148
5.3Fluxes and Additives149
5.4Furnace Operations151
5.4.1EAF Operating Cycle151
5.4.2Furnace Charging152
5.4.3Melting153
5.4.4Refining154
5.4.5Deslagging156
5.4.6Tapping157
5.4.7Furnace Turnaround157
5.4.8Furnace Heat Balance158
5.5New Scrap Melting Processes159
5.5.1Scrap Preheating159
5.5.2Preheating with Offgas160
5.5.3Natural Gas Scrap Preheating161
5.5.4KES161
5.5.5Danarc Process164
5.5.6Fuchs Shaft Furnace165
5.5.7Consteel Process173
5.5.8Twin Shell Electric Arc Furnace176
5.5.9Processes under Development179
Exercises187
References189